Aluminium alloys waa mid ka mid ah walxaha ugu badan ee la isku qurxiyo, loo isticmaalo wax kasta laga bilaabo injineerinka hawada hawada ilaa qalabka jikada. Caannimadooda maaha mid aan sal lahayn; Alloys-yadani waxay bixiyaan miisaan xoog leh oo cajiib ah, miisaanka, iyo iska caabbinta daxalka oo maaddooyin yar ay iswaafaqi karaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hal dhinac oo xiiso leh ayaa inta badan ku jahawareeriya kuwa cusub: waxaa jira kala duwanaansho dahsoon oo cufnaanta u dhexeeya darajooyinka daawaha aluminium ee kala duwan(Miiska cufnaanta ee aluminium aluminium), wuxuuna balooggani sahaminayaa arrimaha ka qaybqaata kala duwanaanshahan cufnaanta.
Aluminium alloys waa walxo ka kooban aluminium (Al) iyo walxo alloying kala duwan (sida naxaasta, magnesium, silikon, zinc, iwm.) kuwaas oo kor u qaadaya sifooyinkooda farsamada iyo u adeegsiga codsiyada kala duwan. Marka loo eego walxaha alloy-ga ugu weyn, waxa loo qaybin karaa 8 taxane , Taxane kastaa waxa uu ka kooban yahay darajooyin alloy ah.
Hoos waxaa ku yaal miis si kooban u soo bandhigaya taxanaha alloy-ga aluminium ee ugu weyn iyo qaar ka mid ah darajooyinka wakiillada ee taxane kasta, muujinta sifooyinka asaasiga ah iyo codsiyada caadiga ah.
Taxane | Darajooyinka Alloy | Cunsurka Alloying Primary | Astaamaha | Codsiyada caadiga ah |
1xxx | 1050, 1060, 1100 | Aluminium saafi ah (>99%) | Iska caabbinta daxalka sare, conductivity heer sare ah, xoog yar | Warshadaha cuntada, qalabka kiimikada, milicsada |
2xxx | 2024, 2A12, 2219 | Copper | Xoog sare, iska caabin daxalka xaddidan, kulaylka la daweyn karo | Qaab dhismeedka hawada sare, rivets, giraangiraha baabuurta |
3xxx | 3003, 3004, 3105 | Manganese | Xoog dhexdhexaad ah, shaqo wanaag, iska caabin daxalka sare | Qalabka dhismaha, gasacadaha cabitaanka, baabuur |
4xxx | 4032, 4043 | Silikoon | Barta dhalaalka hoose, dareere wanaagsan | Buuxiyaha alxanka, Alloys brazing |
5xxx | 5052, 5083, 5754 | Magnesium | Xoog sare, iska caabin daxalka aad u fiican, alxanka leh | Codsiyada badda, baabuur, dhismaha |
6xxx | 6061, 6063, 6082 | Magnesium iyo Silikoon | Xoog wanaagsan, iska caabin daxalka sare, heer sare ah alxanka | Codsiyada qaab dhismeedka, baabuur, jidadka tareenada |
7xxx | 7075, 7050, 7A04 | Zinc | Xoog aad u sarreeya, iska caabinta daxalka hoose, kulaylka la daweyn karo | Hawada hawada, ciidan, qaybaha waxqabadka sare |
8xxx | 8011 | Walxaha kale | Waxay ku kala duwan tahay daawaha gaarka ah (tusaale., birta, lithium) | Fool, kirishbooyada, iyo isticmaalyo kale oo gaar ah |
Cufnaanta aluminiumyada aluminiumka waxaa inta badan lagu go'aamiyaa ka kooban. Cufnaanta aluminium saafi ah waa qiyaastii 2.7 g/cm3 ama 0.098 lb/in3 , laakiin ku darida walxuhu waxay bedeli karaan qiimahan. Tusaale ahaan, ku daray naxaas (kaas oo ka cufan aluminium) si ay u abuuraan alloys sida 2024 ama 7075 waxay kordhin kartaa cufnaanta walxaha ka dhashay. Taa lidkeeda, Silicon waa cufan yar oo marka loo isticmaalo daawaha sida 4043 ama 4032, waxay yaraynaysaa cufnaanta guud.
Element Alloying | Cufnaanta (g/cm³) | Saamaynta Cufnaanta Aluminium Alloy |
Aluminium (Al) | 2.70 | Asal ahaan |
Copper (Cu) | 8.96 | Waxay kordhisaa cufnaanta |
Silikoon (Iyo) | 2.33 | Waxay hoos u dhigtaa cufnaanta |
Magnesium (Mg) | 1.74 | Waxay hoos u dhigtaa cufnaanta |
Zinc (Zn) | 7.14 | Waxay kordhisaa cufnaanta |
Manganese (Mn) | 7.43 | Waxay kordhisaa cufnaanta |
Hoos waxaa ku yaal shaxda caadiga ah ee cufnaanta ee qaar ka mid ah aluminiumyada aluminium ee caadiga ah, Si aad wax badan uga ogaato cufnaanta gaarka ah ee aluminiumyada aluminiumka, fadlan booqo Cufnaanta 1000-8000 Taxane Aluminium Alloy Qiimayaashani waa qiyaas waana kala duwanaan karaan iyadoo lagu saleynayo halabuurka gaarka ah iyo habaynta daawaha.
Taxanaha Alloy | Fasalada caadiga ah | Cufnaanta (g/cm³) | Cufnaanta (lb/in³) |
1000 Taxane | 1050 | 2.71 | 0.0979 |
2000 Taxane | 2024 | 2.78 | 0.1004 |
3000 Taxane | 3003 | 2.73 | 0.0986 |
4000 Taxane | 4043 | 2.70 | 0.0975 |
5000 Taxane | 5052 | 2.68 | 0.0968 |
5000 Taxane | 5083 | 2.66 | 0.0961 |
6000 Taxane | 6061 | 2.70 | 0.0975 |
7000 Taxane | 7075 | 2.81 | 0.1015 |
8000 Taxane | 8011 | 2.71 | 0.0979 |
Laga soo bilaabo miiska sare, si fudud ayaan taas u arki karnaa:
Marka lagu daro walxaha alloying, cufnaanta aluminium aluminium ayaa sidoo kale saameeya arrimo kale:
Cufnaanta aluminium aluminium ma aha hanti go'an laakiin way kala duwan tahay iyadoo ku xiran walxaha alloying, habka wax soo saarka iyo waxyaabaha wasakhaysan. Codsiyada naqshadeynta iyo injineernimada halkaasoo miisaanku uu ka ciyaaro door muhiim ah, isbedeladan waa in la tixgeliyaa. Iyadoo la fahmayo qodobada saameeya cufnaanta, injineeradu waxay dooran karaan daawaha aluminium ku habboon si ay u buuxiyaan shuruudaha qaabdhismeedka iyo miisaanka.
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