Aluminium alloys yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntau yam, siv nyob rau hauv txhua yam ntawm aerospace engineering mus rau chav ua noj. Lawv cov koob meej tsis yog tsis muaj tseeb; cov alloys no muaj qhov sib npaug zoo kawg nkaus ntawm lub zog, hnyav, thiab corrosion kuj uas ob peb cov ntaub ntawv yuav phim. Txawm li cas los, ib qho nthuav feem ntau confuses newbies: muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv qhov ntom ntawm ntau qib aluminium alloy(Qhov ntom ntom ntawm aluminium alloys), thiab qhov blog no tshawb txog cov xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntom ntom no.

Aluminium alloy series thiab nws cov qib raug

Aluminium alloys yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm txhuas (Al) thiab ntau yam alloying ntsiab (xws li tooj liab, magnesium, silicon, zinc, lwm.) uas txhim kho lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab siv tau rau kev siv sib txawv. Raws li lub ntsiab alloy ntsiab, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua 8 series , txhua series muaj qee cov qib alloy.

Hauv qab no yog ib lub rooj uas succinctly qhia lub ntsiab aluminium alloy series thiab qee tus neeg sawv cev qib nyob rau hauv txhua series, qhia txog lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab cov kev siv raug.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm alloying ntsiab ntawm qhov ntom ntawm aluminium alloys

Qhov ntom ntawm aluminium alloys yog txiav txim siab los ntawm nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov ntom ntawm ntshiab aluminium yog kwv yees li 2.7 g/cm3 os 0.098 lb/ib 3 , tab sis ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloying tuaj yeem hloov tus nqi no. Piv txwv li, ntxiv tooj liab (uas yog denser dua aluminium) tsim cov alloys zoo li 2024 los yog 7075 tuaj yeem ua kom qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm. Hloov pauv, silicon yog tsawg ntom thiab thaum siv nyob rau hauv alloys xws li 4043 los yog 4032, txo qhov ntom ntom.

Cov lus ntawm Alloying Elements thiab lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov ntom

Txhua yam aluminium alloy density chart

Hauv qab no yog ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm qhov ntom ntom rau qee yam txhuas alloys, Yog xav paub ntxiv txog qhov tshwj xeeb ntom ntawm aluminium alloys, thov mus saib Qhov ntom ntawm 1000-8000 Series Aluminium Alloy Cov txiaj ntsig no yog kwv yees thiab tuaj yeem sib txawv raws li qhov tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov hlau.

Los ntawm cov lus saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem pom qhov ntawd yooj yim:

• 2000 series alloys muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm tooj liab thiab zoo li yuav muaj ntau dua density vim tooj liab qhov tseem ceeb heev..
• Qhov sib txawv, 6000 series alloys uas muaj silicon thiab magnesium feem ntau pom qis dua.
• Paub txog nws lub zog siab, 7075 alloy muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm zinc, magnesium thiab tooj liab. Qhov siab dua ntawm 7075 piv rau alloys 1050 thiab 6061 tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi vim muaj cov ntsiab lus hnyav dua.
• 5083 hlau alloy is commonly used in marine applications and has a lower density than other alloys due to its higher magnesium content and lower content of heavier alloying elements.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam

Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntsiab lus alloying, qhov ntom ntawm aluminium alloys kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm yam:

• Kub: Aluminium, zoo li lwm yam hlau, expands thaum rhuab thiab cog lus thaum txias. Qhov no thermal expansion thiab contraction cuam tshuam lub ntim ntawm cov alloy, yog li ntawd hloov nws qhov ceev.
• Kev siv tshuab: Yuav ua li cas aluminium yog ua tiav kuj cuam tshuam nws qhov ntom. Piv txwv li, tus nqi cua txias tom qab casting tuaj yeem ua rau txawv microstructures, uas nyob rau hauv lem cuam tshuam qhov ntom.
• Cov impurities: Lub xub ntiag ntawm impurities, txawm nyob rau hauv me me, tuaj yeem hloov qhov ntom ntawm cov alloy. Lub siab zoo alloy nrog cov ntsiab lus impurity tsawg yuav muaj qhov sib xws ntau dua.

Qhov ntom ntawm aluminium alloys tsis yog cov khoom ruaj khov tab sis nws txawv nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying, manufacturing txheej txheem thiab impurity cov ntsiab lus. Hauv kev tsim thiab engineering daim ntawv thov qhov hnyav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, cov kev hloov no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog yam uas cuam tshuam rau qhov ntom ntom, engineers tuaj yeem xaiv qhov tsim nyog aluminium alloy kom tau raws li nws cov qauv thiab qhov hnyav.