I-aluminiyam ye-welding ifuna izinto ezithile ezihambelana neempawu zayo ezithile ezinje nge-thermal conductivity ephezulu kunye nokuba sengozini kwi-oxidation.. Nantsi inkcazo yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuwelda i-aluminium:
1. Filler Metals
Ukukhetha isinyithi esifanelekileyo sokuzalisa kubalulekile ukuhambelana nesiseko se-aluminium alloy, ukuqinisekisa i-welds yesandi ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ubuthathaka. Iintsimbi eziqhelekileyo zokugcwalisa i-aluminium zibandakanya:
- 4043 Ingxubevange (Al-Ewe): Isetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezihamba kakuhle kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka okulungileyo. Ilungele ukuwelda i-6xxx yochungechunge lwe-aluminium alloys kodwa ayikhuthazwa apho i-anodizing elandelayo iyafuneka ngenxa yokubanakho kwendawo ye-weld emnyama..
- 5356 Ingxubevange (Al-Mg): Inika amandla amakhulu okuqina kunye nokuqina okungcono kunoko 4043. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokubola kwaye ifanelekile kwi-welding 5xxx series alloys. Ikwahambelana nombala wesiseko sesinyithi ngcono emva kwe-anodizing.
- 5183, 5556 (Al-Mg): Isetyenziselwa amandla aphezulu e-welds xa kuthelekiswa 5356. Zinika ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kukudleka kwiindawo ezihlala elwandle.
- 5554, 5654 (Al-Mg): Izahluko ezineempawu ezithile zokusingqongileyo ezithanda uxinezeleko-umhlwa.
- 4047 Ingxubevange (Al-Ewe): Iqulethe i-silicon eninzi, ukunciphisa indawo yokunyibilika kunye nokwandisa ukumanzi kwi-weld pool, isetyenziswa rhoqo kwizicelo ezifuna ukuhamba kakuhle kwindibaniselwano.
2. Iigesi zokukhusela
Ukukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo kwegesi ekhuselayo kubalulekile ukukhusela indawo ye-weld kungcoliseko lwe-atmospheric kunye nokuzinzisa i-arc.. Iigesi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Argon: Eyona gesi ixhaphakileyo yokukhusela welding aluminiyam kuba inceda ukuvelisa i-arc ezinzile kwaye inciphisa isenzo sokucoca, into enqwenelekayo xa welding aluminiyam.
- Helium okanye Helium-Argon Imixube: Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukwandisa ukungena kunye ne-weld pool fluidity, Iluncedo ngakumbi kumacandelo atyebileyo. I-Helium inceda ukuvelisa i-arc eshushu, enokuba luncedo ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwe-aluminium.
3. Inkqubo yeWelding Izinto ezikhethekileyo
Kuxhomekeke kubuchule be-welding, nezinye izinto zisenokufuneka:
- TIG Welding:
- Ii-electrodes: Ngokuqhelekileyo, I-tungsten ecocekileyo okanye i-electrode ye-tungsten ye-zirconated isetyenziselwa i-AC TIG ye-welding ye-aluminium.
- Oomatshini bokuWelding be-AC: Ukutshintshana kwangoku kubalulekile njengoko kunceda ukwaphula umaleko weoksidi owenzeka kumphezulu wealuminiyam.
- I-MIG Welding:
- Ucingo lwe-Welding: Iingcingo ezifana ne-ER4043 okanye i-ER5356 zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-spools kwaye zondliwa ngompu we-welding..
- Spool Guns okanye Push-Tsala imipu: Ezi zinto zibalulekile ekuthinteleni iingxaki zokutyisa ucingo ngenxa yokuthamba kweengcingo zealuminiyam.
4. Izinto zokuLungisa uMphezulu
Imiphezulu ye-aluminiyam kufuneka icocwe kakuhle phambi kokuba i-welding isuse umaleko we-oxide kunye naziphi na izingcolisi:
- Iibrashi (Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo): Isetyenziselwa ukukhuhla umphezulu. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iibrashi ezisetyenziswa kuphela kwi-aluminiyam ukunqanda ukungcoliseka.
- Abacoci beMichiza: Izisombululo ezine-alkaline okanye ezisekelwe kwi-asidi zingasetyenziselwa ukususa ii-oksidi ezinzima kunye neeoli kodwa kufuneka zihlanjululwe kakuhle ukunqanda ukungenisa ukungcola kwi-weld..
5. Izixhobo zoKhuseleko
Ukunikezelwa kokukhanya kwe-arc kunye nendalo entle ye-aluminiyam yokutshisa umsi, izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo zibalulekile:
- I-Auto-mnyama ye-Welding Helmet: Ikhusela amehlo kwisibane esinamandla se-UV.
- Iziphefumli: Ngokukodwa xa u-welding kwiindawo ezivaliweyo, ukukhusela ekusezeleni umsi oyingozi.
- Impahla ekhuselayo: Ukukhusela kwiintlantsi kunye nokuvezwa kwe-UV.
Using these specific materials correctly can greatly improve the quality of aluminiyam welds and ensure the structural integrity and longevity of the welded joints.
