Xa sicinga ngelizwi “umhlwa,” umfanekiso wokuqala odla ngokufika engqondweni luphawu olubomvu-buntsundu olugqabhukileyo olumila entsimbini okanye entsimbini xa luvezwe ngumoya omanzi., into eyaziwa ngokwesayensi njenge-iron oxide.Impendulo yemichiza inokumelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

4𝐹𝑒+3𝑂2+6𝐻2𝑂→4𝐹𝑒(𝑂𝐻)3​

Le mpendulo ikhokelela ekwenziweni kwe-iron enamanzi(III) ioksidi, eyaziwa ngokuba ngumhlwa.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuziwa kwi-aluminiyam, umbuzo uvela: Ngaba i-aluminiyam iyarusa? Ukuphendula oku, kufuneka sihlolisise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye umhlwa, ichaphazela njani isinyithi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ngokukodwa, indlela i-aluminiyam esabela ngayo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo.

Yintoni umhlwa?

Umhlwa luhlobo oluthile lomhlwa olwenzeka ngentsimbi kunye nentsimbi xa zisesichengeni seoksijini kunye nokufuma. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali kubangela i-iron oxide. Uphawu olwahlukileyo lomhlwa ayingombala wayo kuphela kodwa nendlela ebangela ukuba isinyithi sande kwaye sigqabhuke., enokuthi ekugqibeleni idibanise ingqibelelo yesakhiwo sesinyithi.

I-Aluminiyam kunye ne-Corrosion

Aluminiyam, ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi, ayirhasi. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-aluminiyam ayinayo intsimbi, kwaye ke ngoko, ukusabela kwemichiza ethile eyenza i-iron oxide (umhlwa) ayinakwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba i-aluminiyam ikhuselekile kuzo zonke iintlobo zokubola. Endaweni yokurusa, aluminiyam undergoes a process called oxidation.The chemical reaction for the formation of aluminum oxide is as follows:

4𝐴𝑙+3𝑂2→2𝐴𝑙2𝑂3​

Oku kusabela kuyazenzekela kwaye kuyingozi, intsingiselo ikhupha ubushushu. Umaleko we-aluminiyam oxide unzima kakhulu kwaye ubonelela ngokhuseleko olugqwesileyo ngokuchasene nokuhlwa okungaphezulu.

Inkqubo ye-Oxidation kwi-Aluminiyam

Xa i-aluminiyam ibonakaliswe emoyeni, idibana neoksijini yenze i-aluminiyam oxide kumphezulu wayo. Lo maleko we-aluminiyam oxide wahluke kakhulu kumhlwa ngeendlela ezininzi eziphambili:

1. Umbala kunye nokuThungwa: I-aluminiyam oxide ayinakuqhwala okanye ibomvu njenge-iron oxide. Kunoko, yenza umbala omhlophe okanye ocacileyo, umaleko okhuselayo ongabonakali ngokubanzi.
2. Umqobo okhuselayo: Ngokungafaniyo ne-iron oxide, ewohlokayo kwaye yonakalise isinyithi, i-aluminiyam oxide ngokwenene ikhusela isinyithi esingaphantsi kwi-corrosion. Lo maleko wenziwe ngokukhawuleza xa i-aluminiyam entsha isesichengeni somoya kwaye ixhathisa ngokumangalisayo kwi-corrosion eyongezelelekileyo.

Kutheni iAluminiyam iKhethelwa usetyenziso lwangaphandle

Iimpawu zendalo ze-aluminiyam ziyenza ibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kusetyenziso lwangaphandle. Nazi izizathu ezimbalwa zokuba kutheni:

• Ukuqina: Ngenxa yokhuselo oxide umaleko, ialuminiyam imelana kakhulu nokonakala okunxulumene nemozulu, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinokuthi zikhawulezise ukurusa kwentsimbi.
• Ikhaphukhaphu: I-aluminiyam ilula kakhulu xa ithelekiswa nezinye iintsimbi, ukwenza kube lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizicelo apho ubunzima buyinto, njengakwinqwelomoya, ukwakhiwa kwemoto, kunye nezakhiwo eziphathekayo.
• Ayinatyhefu kwaye iRecyclable: Aluminiyam is non-toxic and highly recyclable, enegalelo ekuthandeni kwayo ekupakishweni kokutya kunye nokwakhiwa.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukuMdla kweAluminiyam

Ngelixa i-aluminiyam imelana nomhlwa, iimeko ezithile zinokukhawulezisa inkqubo okanye zikhokelela kwezinye iindlela zokubola:

• I-Galvanic Corrosion: Oku kwenzeka xa i-aluminiyam idibana nentsimbi ehloniphekileyo phambi kwe-electrolyte, okukhokelela ekwandeni kokudleka.
• Imiba yokusingqongileyo: Ukuvezwa kungcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso, iindawo ezinetyuwa (njengemimandla eselunxwemeni), kunye neemeko ezigqithisileyo ze-pH zinokunyusa ukubola.

IAluminiyam vs. Ezinye iintsimbi: Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa

Comparing the corrosion resistance of aluminiyam to other metals helps illustrate its advantages and limitations.

Itheyibhile : Ukunyangwa kweNgxowa yeentsimbi eziqhelekileyo