Kana tichifunga nezveshoko “ngura,” mufananidzo wekutanga unowanzouya mumusoro ndeye dzvuku-ruvara rwekumisikidza runyoro runoumba pasimbi kana simbi kana yaiswa pamhepo nyoro., chiitiko chesainzi chinonzi iron oxide.Kemikari inopindirana inogona kumiririrwa sezvinotevera:

4𝐹𝑒+3𝑂2+6𝐻2𝑂→4𝐹𝑒(𝑂𝐻)3.

Izvi zvinotungamirira pakuumbwa kwe hydrated iron(III) oxide, iyo inowanzonzi ngura.

Zvisinei, kana zvasvika kune aluminium, mubvunzo unomuka: Inoita aluminium ngura? Kuti ndipindure izvi, tinofanira kuongorora kuti ngura chii chaizvo, zvinokanganisa sei simbi dzakasiyana, uye zvakananga, kuti aluminium inobata sei mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana.

Chii chinonzi Rust?

Ngura imhando yekuora kunoitika nesimbi nesimbi kana zvasangana neokisijeni uye mwando. Iko kemikari inogadzirisa inoguma ne iron oxide. Chinhu chinosiyanisa ngura harisi ruvara rwayo chete asiwo nzira yainokonzeresa kuti simbi iwedzere uye ibve., iyo inogona kupedzisira yakanganisa kutendeseka kwechimiro chesimbi.

Aluminium uye Corrosion

Aluminium, kusiyana nesimbi, haina ngura. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti aluminium haina iron, uye naizvozvo, iyo chaiyo kemikari reaction inogadzira iron oxide (ngura) hazvigone kuitika. Zvisinei, izvi hazvireve kuti aluminium inodzivirirwa kune ese marudzi ekuora. Pane kuita ngura, aruminiyamu inopinda maitiro anonzi oxidation.Makemikari maitiro ekugadzirwa kwealuminium oxide ndeaya anotevera.:

4𝐴𝑙+3𝑂2→2𝐴𝑙2𝑂3.

Kuita uku kunongoerekana kwaitika uye kunopisa muviri, kureva kuti inoburitsa kupisa. Iyo aluminium oxide layer yakaoma kwazvo uye inopa yakanakisa dziviriro kubva kune imwezve ngura.

Maitiro eOxidation muAluminium

Kana aruminiyamu yaiswa mumhepo, inopindirana neokisijeni kuita aluminium oxide pamusoro payo. Iyi aluminium oxide layer yakasiyana chaizvo ne ngura munzira dzakati wandei:

1. Ruvara uye Mamiriro: Aluminium oxide haina kuputika kana tsvuku sesimbi okisijeni. Pane kudaro, inoumba chena kana yakajeka, kudzivirira layer iyo isingawanzo kuoneka.
2. Chipingamupinyi Chekudzivirira: Kusiyana nesimbi oxide, iyo inoshatisa uye inokuvadza simbi, aruminiyamu oxide inochengetedza simbi iri pasi kubva pakuwedzera ngura. Iyi layer inokurumidza kuumbwa kana aruminiyamu nyowani yaiswa kumhepo uye inoshingirira kuenderera mberi nekuora.

Nei Aluminium Yakasarudzirwa Zvekunze Zvikumbiro

Izvo zvemukati zvimiro zvealuminium zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo yakanakisa yekunze kwekushandisa. Hezvino zvikonzero zvishoma nei:

• Kugara kwenguva refu: Nekuda kweiyo inodzivirira oxide layer, aruminiyamu inoshingirira zvakanyanya kusvibiswa kwemamiriro ekunze, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinowanzo mhanyisa kuita ngura kwesimbi.
• Lightweight: Aluminium yakareruka zvikuru kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe simbi, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka yezvikumbiro apo uremu chinhu, zvakadai mundege, kugadzirwa kwemotokari, uye zvinotakurika zvimiro.
• Isiri Muchetura uye Inogadzirwazve: Aluminium haina chepfu uye inogona kushandiswa zvakare, izvo zvinobatsira pakuzivikanwa kwayo mukurongedza chikafu uye kuvaka.

Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Aluminium Corrosion

Nepo aruminiyamu isingaite ngura, mamwe mamiriro anogona kukurumidza kuita kana kutungamirira kune mamwe marudzi ekuora:

• Galvanic Corrosion: Izvi zvinoitika kana aruminiyamu yasangana nesimbi inoyevedza pamberi pe electrolyte, zvichiita kuti ngura iwedzere.
• Zvinhu Zvakatipoteredza: Kusangana nezvinosvibisa zvemaindasitiri, saline environments (kufanana nenharaunda dzemahombekombe), uye yakanyanyisa pH mamiriro anogona kuwedzera ngura.

Aluminium vs. Mamwe Masimbi: Corrosion Resistance

Kuenzanisa kushora kwealuminium kune dzimwe simbi kunobatsira kuratidza zvakanakira uye zvinogumira.

Tafura : Corrosion Resistance yeCommon Metals