I-alloys ye-aluminiyam yenye yezona zinto zisebenza kakhulu, isetyenziswa kuyo yonke into ukusuka kubunjineli be-aerospace ukuya kwizixhobo zasekhitshini. Udumo lwabo alunasihlahla; ezi alloys zinika ibhalansi ephawulekayo yamandla, ubunzima, kunye nokumelana nomhlwa ukuba izinto ezimbalwa zinokuhambelana. Nangona kunjalo, umba omnye onomdla udla ngokubhida abaqalayo: kukho iiyantlukwano ezifihlakeleyo kuxinaniso phakathi kwamabanga ahlukeneyo ealluminiyam(Itheyibhile yoxinaniso lweealloyi zealuminiyam), kwaye le bhlog iphonononga izinto ezinegalelo kulo mahluko woxinaniso.

Uluhlu lwe-aluminium alloy kunye namabakala awo aqhelekileyo

Iingxube ze-aluminiyam zizinto ezenziwe nge-aluminiyam (Al) kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-alloying (njengobhedu, imagnesium, isilicon, izinki, njl.) eziphucula iimpawu zabo zoomatshini kunye nokusebenziseka kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokwezinto eziphambili ze-alloy, inokwahlulwa ibe 8 uthotho , uthotho ngalunye luqulathe amabakala athile engxubevange.

Apha ngezantsi kukho itheyibhile eyazisa ngokucacileyo uthotho lwe-aluminiyam yealloyi kunye namanye amabanga amele phakathi kothotho ngalunye., ukuqaqambisa iimpawu zabo eziphambili kunye nezicelo eziqhelekileyo.

Impembelelo yezinto ezixutywayo kubuninzi bee-alloys ze-aluminium

Ubuninzi bee-alloys ze-aluminiyam bunqunywe ngokukodwa ngokubunjwa kwayo. Ubuninzi be-aluminiyam ecocekileyo bumalunga 2.7 g/cm3 okanye 0.098 lb/nge3 , kodwa ukudibanisa izinto ezidibanisayo kunokutshintsha eli xabiso. Umzekelo, ukongeza ubhedu (exinene kune-aluminiyam) ukwenza ialloys njenge 2024 okanye 7075 inokunyusa ubuninzi bezinto ezibangelwayo. Ngokuchaseneyo, I-silicon ixinene kakhulu kwaye xa isetyenziswa kwii-alloys ezifana 4043 okanye 4032, kunciphisa ukuxinana ngokubanzi.

Itheyibhile ye-Alloying Elements kunye neMpembelelo yazo kuXinano

Itshathi yoxinaniso lwealluminiyam eqhelekileyo

Apha ngezantsi kukho itshati eqhelekileyo yoxinaniso kwezinye iialloyi eziqhelekileyo zealuminiyam, Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga noxinaniso oluthile lweealloyi ze-aluminium, nceda undwendwele Ubuninzi be 1000-8000 Series Aluminiyam ingxubevange Ezi xabiso ziqikelelwa kwaye zinokuhluka ngokusekelwe ekubunjweni okuthe ngqo kunye nokuqhutyelwa kwe-alloy.

Ukusuka kwitheyibhile engentla, sinokuyibona ngokulula loo nto:

• 2000 ii-alloys ezilandelelanayo zinezixa ezibalulekileyo zobhedu kwaye zidla ngokubanoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngenxa yoxinaniso oluphezulu lobhedu..
• Okuchasene, 6000 ii-alloys ze-series ezine-silicon kunye ne-magnesium ngokubanzi zibonisa ukuxinana okuphantsi.
• Iyaziwa ngamandla ayo aphezulu, 7075 i-alloy inezixa ezibalulekileyo ze-zinc, i-magnesium kunye nobhedu. Uxinaniso oluphezulu lwe 7075 xa kuthelekiswa nealloys 1050 kwaye 6061 ingabalelwa kubukho bezi zinto zinzima.
• 5083 I-alloy iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zaselwandle kwaye inoxinano olusezantsi kunezinye ialloys ngenxa yomxholo wayo we-magnesium ephezulu kunye nomxholo ophantsi wezinto ezinzima ze-alloying..

Impembelelo yezinye izinto

Ukongeza kwizinto zokudibanisa, Ubuninzi be-aluminium alloys bukwachatshazelwa zezinye izinto:

• Ubushushu: Aluminiyam, njengayo nayiphi na enye isinyithi, yanda xa ishushu kwaye inkontileka xa ipholile. Oku kwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokunciphisa kuchaphazela umthamo we-alloy, ngaloo ndlela itshintsha ukuxinana kwayo.
• Itekhnoloji yokucubungula: Indlela ecutshungulwa ngayo ialuminiyam nayo ichaphazela ukuxinana kwayo. Umzekelo, izinga lokupholisa emva kokuphosa kunokukhokelela kwii-microstructures ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo echaphazela ukuxinana.
• Ukungcola: Ubukho bokungcola, nakwimali encinci, inokutshintsha ubuninzi be-alloy. I-alloy esemgangathweni ophezulu kunye nomxholo wokungcola ophantsi uya kuba nobuninzi obuhambelanayo.

Uxinaniso lwealluminiyamu alloys ayisiyopropathi ezinzileyo kodwa iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezixutywayo., inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nomxholo wokungcola. Kuyilo kunye nezicelo zobunjineli apho ubunzima budlala indima ebalulekileyo, olu tshintsho kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo. Ngokuqonda izinto ezichaphazela ukuxinana, Iinjineli zinokukhetha i-alloy ye-aluminium efanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zayo zesakhiwo kunye nobunzima.