I-Aluminium (Al) iyikhemikhali enenombolo ye-athomu 13. Iyingxenye yesithathu egcwele kakhulu oqweqweni loMhlaba, ehlanganisa mayelana 8% yesisindo sayo. I-elementi yaqala ukuhlukaniswa phakathi 1825 isazi sefiziksi saseDenmark u-Hans Christian Ørsted. Ngenxa ye-reactivity yayo ephezulu, i-aluminium ayivamile ukutholakala ngesimo sayo esihlanzekile; esikhundleni salokho, ivame ukutholakala kumaminerali afana ne-bauxite, lapho ikhishwa khona.
| Isibaluli | Imininingwane |
| Uphawu | Al |
| Inombolo Ye-athomu | 13 |
| Ubuningi Emhlabeni | 8% |
| Okokuqala Ukuhlukaniswa Ngu | Hans Christian Ørsted (1825) |
| I-Common Ore | I-Bauxite |
| Unyaka | Ukutholwa | Umnikeli |
| 1807 | Ubukhona obubonakalayo be-aluminium | Humphry Davy |
| 1825 | I-aluminium engayodwa | Hans Christian Ørsted |
| Indlela ethuthukisiwe yokukhiqiza i-aluminium | UHenri Sainte-Claire Deville | |
| Yakha indlela yokuncibilikisa (Inqubo ye-Hall-Héroult) | UCharles Martin Hall noPaul Louis Toussaint Héroult |
Izakhiwo ze-aluminium ziyenza intandokazi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Nasi isifinyezo sezici zayo ezibalulekile:
| Impahla | Incazelo |
| I-Ductility | Ingadonselwa izintambo ezincane |
| Ukumelana Nokugqwala | Yakha isendlalelo se-oxide esivikelayo |
| Ukonakala | Ingakhandwa ibe amashidi amancane |
| I-Thermal Conductivity | Umqhubi omuhle wokushisa |
| I-Electric Conductivity | I-conductor enhle kagesi |
| Ukuminyana | 2.71 g/cm³, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yensimbi |
| Ukubukeka | Phezulu, iwusizo ezibukweni kanye nopende olukhanyayo |
I-Aluminium iza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngayinye inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile:
| Uhlobo | Incazelo | Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile |
| I-Aluminium Ehlanzekile | Ifomu elihlanzekile, ethambile, i-ductile, conductive, ukumelana nokugqwala | Izintambo, izintambo, ucwecwe |
| Ama-aluminium Alloys | Ingxube ye-aluminium nezinye izakhi ukuze uthole amandla angeziwe nobulukhuni | Izinjini, amaphiko endiza, imikhiqizo yabathengi |
| I-Aluminium yokusakaza | Ama-alloys athululelwa isikhunta ukuze enze izingxenye, engabizi kakhulu kodwa i-ductile encane | Izingxenye ezikhiqizwe ngobuningi |
| I-aluminium eyenziwe | Kucutshungulwe ngokugoqeka, ukuqamba, noma i-extrusion, iqinile futhi ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene | Izingxenye zemoto, izingxenye ze-aerospace |
| I-Anodized Aluminium | Kwelashwe nge-electrochemically ukuze kutholwe umbala kanye nokwanda kokuqina | Imikhiqizo yezokwakha, izinto zikagesi zasendlini |
| I-Aluminium egcwele | Ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe ngezendlalelo ezengeziwe ze-aluminium noma i-alloy | Ezezimoto, ujantshi, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-aerospace |
Ukuhlukahluka kwe-aluminium kubonakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza:
| Imboni | Izinhlelo zokusebenza |
| I-Aerospace | Izingxenye zezindiza, amaphiko, i-fuselage |
| Ezezimoto | Izinjini, imizimba yezimoto, amasondo |
| Osolwandle | Ama-Hulls, izinsika, nezinye izingxenye zomkhumbi |
| Ukupakisha | Amathini esiphuzo, ucwecwe |
| Ukwakha | Izakhiwo zokwakha, amafasitela, iminyango, uhlangothi, izintambo |
| Izinto zikagesi | Izintambo zamandla, Izimpondo ze-TV, izitsha zesathelayithi |
| Izimpahla Zabathengi | Izinto zokupheka, amacala e-smartphone, amalaptop, Ama-TV |
| Imishini Yezokwelapha | Izihlalo ezinamasondo, izinsimbi zokuhlinza, abahambahambayo, izinduku |
Ukusebenza nge-aluminium kunobuhle nobubi bakho:
| Izinzuzo | Ukubi |
| Engasindi | Ayinamandla njengensimbi |
| Ukumelana nokubola | Izindleko eziphezulu kunamanye amapulasitiki |
| High conductivity ezishisayo kanye kagesi | Ukushisela kungaba inselele ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu okuholela ekuqinisweni okusheshayo kwama-welds |
| 100% isebenziseka kabusha | Amanye ama-alloys asezingeni eliphezulu angabiza |
Isidingo somhlaba wonke se-aluminium siqhutshwa izinto zayo ezingasindi neziqinile, okwenza kube kuhle ezinhlelweni ezahlukene. Imboni ilokhu ithuthuka, ngamasu amasha ezindleleni zokukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugaywa kabusha.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium kuhilela ukumba i-bauxite yezimayini, ukuyicwenga ku-alumina, bese uyincibilikisa ukuze ikhiqize i-aluminium emsulwa. Inqubo ye-Hall-Héroult iyindlela ehamba phambili esetshenziswa namuhla.
I-aluminium 100% isebenziseka kabusha, futhi ukugaywa kabusha konga kuze kube 95% wamandla adingekayo ukukhiqiza i-aluminium entsha ngezinto ezingavuthiwe. Lokhu kwenza ukugaywa kabusha kube yingxenye ebalulekile yemboni.
Njengoba izimboni zifuna izinto zokwakha ezilula neziqinile, isidingo se-aluminium kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule. Ukuqamba okusha ekuthuthukisweni kwe-alloy nezindlela zokucubungula kuzokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo.
I-Henan Huasheng Aluminium Co., Ltd (HHALU ngamafuphi), isungulwe ku 2001, itholakala Huiguo Town, inhloko-dolobha edumile ye-Aluminium yesiFundazwe saseHenan, Ingumkhiqizi oqeqeshiwe futhi uhlanganyela ocwaningweni, ukuthuthukiswa, ukukhiqizwa, Ukuthengisa kanye nensizakalo ye i-aluminium ipuleti leshidi, ikhoyili ye-aluminium, i-aluminium foil, i-aluminium strip kanye nesiyingi se-aluminium.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-HHALU iphinde ithengise ipuleti le-aluminium yokwakha kanye nemikhumbi, ipuleti lesibuko se-aluminium, kanye ne-automotive aluminium alloy plate.
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