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Sayansi yotchuka: mmene kuwotcherera aluminiyamu?

Kuwotchera Aluminiyamu ndi luso lofunikira m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuchokera kumagalimoto kupita ku mlengalenga, chifukwa cha zopepuka za aluminiyumu komanso zosagwira dzimbiri. Komabe, kuwotcherera aluminiyamu kumabweretsa zovuta zapadera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe ake komanso malo otsika osungunuka. Blog iyi ikutsogolerani pazofunikira za momwe mungawotchere aluminiyamu, kupereka zidziwitso zothana ndi zovuta zomwe wamba ndikukwaniritsa mwamphamvu, zowotcherera chokhazikika.

Kumvetsetsa Aluminium Welding

Musanalowe mumadzi enieni a aluminiyamu yowotcherera, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe aluminiyamu imakhudza kutenthedwa kwake:

  • High Thermal Conductivity: Aluminium imapangitsa kutentha mwachangu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimatha kutaya kutentha kuchokera kumalo otsekemera mofulumira. Izi zimafuna zolowetsa zotentha kwambiri panthawi yowotcherera poyerekeza ndi zitsulo.
  • Low Melting Point: Zosakaniza za aluminiyamu zimasungunuka pafupifupi 600 ° C, otsika kwambiri kuposa chitsulo. Izi zitha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chowotchedwa ngati osasamala.
  • Oxide Layer: Aluminiyamu mwachilengedwe amapanga oxide wosanjikiza yemwe amakhala wokwera kwambiri pakusungunuka kuposa chitsulo chomwe chili pansi. Chigawochi chiyenera kuchotsedwa kuti chiwotchedwe bwino.

Kusankha Njira Yowotcherera Yoyenera

Njira zodziwika kwambiri zowotcherera aluminium ndi Gasi Tungsten Arc Welding (Mtengo wa GTAW, kapena TIG) ndi Gas Metal Arc Welding (Mtengo wa GMAW, kapena MIG). Apa ndi momwe amafananirana:

  • Kuwotchera kwa TIG: Zabwino kwa zida zoonda komanso zabwino, ntchito mwatsatanetsatane. Zimapatsa wowotcherera mphamvu kwambiri pa kuwotcherera kuposa njira zina, kuzipangitsa kukhala zangwiro kwapamwamba kwambiri, ma welds enieni.
  • Kuwotchera kwa MIG: Zoyenerana bwino ndi zidutswa za aluminiyamu zokulirapo komanso kuthamanga kwa mawotchi othamanga. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kuphunzira komanso kukhululuka kuposa TIG, ngakhale zikhoza kukhala zosalongosoka.

Aluminium square profiles welded mu chimango mu malo kupanga

Zida ndi Kukonzekera

Kuyamba kuwotcherera aluminiyamu, mufunika zida zoyenera. Kwa kuwotcherera kwa TIG, muyenera:

  • AC wokhoza TIG welder
  • Kuthekera koyambira pafupipafupi kwambiri
  • Tungsten yoyera kapena zirconiated tungsten electrode
  • Argon chitetezo gasi
  • Zinthu zodzaza zoyenerera, 4043 aloyi (Al-Inde) ndi 5356 aloyi (Al-Mg) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri filler zitsulo

Kwa kuwotcherera kwa MIG:

  • Wowotchera wa MIG wokhala ndi makina oyendetsa ogwirizana ndi aluminiyumu
  • Kusakaniza kwa Argon kapena argon-helium pofuna kuteteza gasi
  • Mfuti ya spool kapena mfuti yokankhira-koka kuti mupewe vuto la waya

Kukonzekera Ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwotcherera aluminiyamu. Sambani bwino zinthuzo kuti muchotse mafuta aliwonse, dothi, makamaka oxide wosanjikiza. Kuchotsa makina (chitsulo burashi) kapena njira zama mankhwala zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kuti aluminiyumu ilibe zowonongeka musanayambe.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa kuwotcherera aluminium, chonde onani ‘Kuwotcherera kwa Aluminium: Buku Lothandiza

Njira Zowotcherera

  • Kutenthetsa: Kutengera makulidwe ndi mtundu wa aluminiyamu, preheating imathandizira kuwongolera kutentha ndikupewa kupotoza kwa kutentha.
  • Push Technique: Pamene kuwotcherera MIG, gwiritsani ntchito njira yokankhira, kumene nyaliyo imakongoletsedwa molunjika ku weld, kukankha chithaphwi. Izi zimapereka kuphimba bwino kwa gasi komanso ma welds oyeretsa.
  • Puddle Control: Kuchuluka kwa aluminiyumu kumatanthauza kuti kuyang'anira thabwa la weld ndikofunikira. Samalani ndi kukula ndi khalidwe la dziwe la weld, kusintha liwiro lanu ndi mphamvu moyenera.

Kuthetsa Mavuto Odziwika

  • Porosity: Izi zikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi kuipitsidwa, olakwika chitetezo gasi, kapena chinyezi chambiri. Onetsetsani kuti zonse ndi zoyera komanso zowuma komanso kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino komanso kuchuluka kwa gasi.
  • Kung'amba: Aluminium imakonda kusweka, makamaka kumapeto kwa weld. Kupewa izi, onetsetsani kuti cholumikiziracho chapangidwa mokwanira ndipo zinthuzo zimatenthedwa ngati kuli kofunikira. Kuwonjezera zinthu zodzaza kumapeto kwa weld kungathandizenso.
  • Lakwitsidwa: Chifukwa cha kutentha kwake, aluminiyamu imatha kupindika kwambiri ikawotchedwa. Kulimbana ndi izi, ntchito bwino olowa kukonzekera, zida, ndi ma welds kuti musunge chilichonse.

Kumaliza

Kuwotcherera aluminiyamu kumafuna kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe ake apadera ndikusintha njira zanu kuti zigwirizane nazo. Ndi kuchita, zida zoyenera, ndi ndondomeko yokonzekera bwino, mutha kudziwa luso la kuwotcherera aluminiyamu, kupanga zonse kuyambira kukonzanso kosavuta kupita ku misonkhano yovuta kutheka. Kaya mumasankha njira za TIG kapena MIG, kuleza mtima ndi kulondola kudzakutsogolereni ku ma welds opambana komanso amphamvu muzinthu zovuta koma zopindulitsa izi.

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